In this article you will find out what diabetes is, the types of diabetes, its consequences and treatments

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Diabetes is a disease in which glucose (sugar) levels in the blood are very high. Glucose comes from the foods you eat. Insulin is a hormone that helps glucose enter cells to supply them with energy. In type 1 diabetes, the body does not make insulin. In type 2 diabetes, the most common, the body does not make or use insulin properly. Without enough insulin, glucose stays in the blood

Over time, too much glucose in the blood can cause serious problems. It can damage the eyes, kidneys, and nerves. Diabetes can also cause heart disease, stroke, and the need to amputate a limb. Pregnant women can also develop diabetes, called gestational diabetes.

Symptoms

Possible symptoms of elevated glucose include the following:

Very thirsty (polydipsia). Feeling very hungry (polyphagia).

Need to urinate continuously, even at night (polyuria).

Weight loss, despite eating a lot.

Tiredness.

Blurry vision.

Tingling or numbness in the hands and feet.

Recurring fungal skin infections.

Treatments.

The treatment of diabetes is based on three pillars: diet, physical exercise and medication. It aims to keep blood glucose levels within normality to minimize the risk of complications associated with the disease.

Insulin is the only treatment for type 1 diabetes. Today it can only be given by injection, either with insulin pens or with continuous infusion systems (insulin pumps). "It is necessary to adjust the administration of insulin to what the person eats, the activity they carry out and their glucose figures, so the patient must measure glucose frequently, by using glucometers (pricking their fingers) or with intertial glucose sensors (some are already funded in several autonomous communities), in a simpler and less painful way ", says González.

Type 2 diabetes has a broader therapeutic spectrum. In this case, unlike patients with type 1 diabetes, insulin administration will not always be necessary. By adopting a healthy lifestyle and losing weight, glucose levels can return to normal.